UC Berkeley Main Campus

Art 172: Foundations of Computer Graphics Animation

Department of Art Practice, Center for New Media, Fall 2007

Week 9: Active Medium Passive

We build a theme park or imaginary machine with the full range of Maya modeling techniques, animated by expressions and keyframes, and using three devices, an active one, a medial one, and a passive one.

Assignment 9: Modeling and Animation > Hierarchical Animation

The Machine as an system for the transfer of energy: Several world views include the notion of cause and effect: All events are not singular, rather one event has myriad effects on other events, which in turn are the cause for new events.

In animation, we mine viewer experiences of cause and effect to describe non-visual properties of objects, such as energy, resistance, friction, weight, and gravity. For an energy to The idea of cause and effect is clarified by a breakdown of objects into Active, Medial, and Passive (AMP) objects. Active objects are causes, medial objects pass energy from the cause object to the effect object, and passive objects receive the effects of the neregy of the cause. The AMP approach contains three questions:

Active: Which is the initiator of an action?
Medial: Who is moving the energy of the initial action to its destination?
Passive: Who is suffering (passi (lat.) = to suffer) the ultimate consequences of the action?

In an election, for example:
First Organ Active: Private or Public Campaign Funding
Second Organ Medial: The Voting Majority
Third Organ Passive: The Nation State

In case of the water-powered hammer, by Bauhaus artist Paul Klee:

This drawing by Paul Klee shows the wind moving a wheel, the wheel in turn lifting a hammer, and the hammer hitting an anvilturn

First Organ Active: Water or Wind blowing
Second Organ Medial: mechanical wheels, belt, and hammer
Third Organ Passive: Table

This analysis provides a functional deconstruction of a system. The question to pay attention to is where the boundaries are between the deconstructed components. These boundaries are the starting point for the design of a simulation of a system. Once we establish the functional components, we can simulate the flow of energy among them in terms of what component has which effect on what other component. To implement these relations in the simulation, we can write expressions. Expressions are mathematical functions, which describe the computational relation between one component and another. They are tied to the properties of objects such as translation, rotation and scale.

Websites

Newton's Original Principia Mathematica Text >
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Bookpages/Newton6.gif
History and Overview of Newtons Discoveries >
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Newton.html

Famous Curves > http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/%7Ehistory/Curves/Curves.htm
Rube Goldberg Machines > http://www.rube-goldberg.com/html/gallery.htm